Why is the center of gravity significant in payload distribution?

The center of gravity (CG) is crucial in payload distribution because it directly affects the stability and handling characteristics of the aircraft. The location of the CG determines how the aircraft will behave in flight; if the CG is too far forward or too far aft, it can lead to difficulties in controlling the aircraft. A correctly positioned CG ensures that the aircraft can maintain stable flight attitudes and respond predictably to control inputs.

Stability is particularly important for safe takeoffs, landings, and maneuvering in various flight conditions. An ideally positioned CG contributes to the overall aerodynamic efficiency of the aircraft, which enhances safety and performance. In contrast, if the CG is improperly balanced due to poor cargo distribution, it can result in adverse effects such as difficulty in achieving and maintaining level flight, increased wear on the aircraft systems, and potential safety hazards.